This journal article reports the isolation of a novel, obligately anaerobic, alkaliphilic, thermophilic, halotolerant, chemo-organotrophic bacterium from the sediment of an alkaline hot spring located on Paoha Island in Mono Lake, California. The methods of isolation and description of this novel bacterium, Anaerobranca californiensis sp. nov., are included. The full text of this article requires a subscription or purchase.